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鄉村振(zhen)興(xing)，產(chan)(chan)業(ye)興(xing)旺(wang)是基礎。黨中(zhong)央、國(guo)務院高度重視(shi)鄉村產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。習近平(ping)總書(shu)記指出，產(chan)(chan)業(ye)興(xing)旺(wang)是解(jie)決農(nong)村一切問題(ti)的前提，要(yao)推動鄉村產(chan)(chan)業(ye)振(zhen)興(xing)，緊緊圍繞發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)現代農(nong)業(ye)，圍繞農(nong)村一二(er)三(san)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)融合(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，構建鄉村產(chan)(chan)業(ye)體系。李克強總理強調，要(yao)深入(ru)(ru)實施(shi)“互聯網＋農(nong)業(ye)”，支持(chi)返鄉入(ru)(ru)鄉創業(ye)創新，推動一二(er)三(san)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)融合(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。各有關部門認真貫徹落(luo)實黨中(zhong)央、國(guo)務院決策部署，大(da)力(li)實施(shi)鄉村振(zhen)興(xing)戰略，加大(da)扶持(chi)力(li)度，強化措施(shi)落(luo)實，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)壯大(da)鄉村產(chan)(chan)業(ye)，為經濟社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)大(da)局提供了重要(yao)支撐。

一、鄉村產業發展取得(de)積極成(cheng)效

鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)是根植于(yu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)，以農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)資源為依托，以農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民為主體(ti)，以一(yi)二三產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合發展(zhan)(zhan)為路徑，地(di)域特色鮮(xian)明、承載(zai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)價值、創新創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)活(huo)躍、利益聯(lian)結緊密的產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)系。近年來，各地(di)區、各有關(guan)部(bu)門深(shen)入貫徹黨的十九大(da)(da)精神，認真落實(shi)黨中央、國務院決策(ce)(ce)部(bu)署(shu)，以農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)現(xian)代化為總目標(biao)，以農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)供給側結構性改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)為主線，采取了一(yi)系列(lie)有力措施(shi)，全力推進(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)。加強規(gui)劃引(yin)導(dao)，中共(gong)中央、國務院印發了《關(guan)于(yu)實(shi)施(shi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振興(xing)戰略(lve)的意見(jian)》和《鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)振興(xing)戰略(lve)規(gui)劃（2018－2022年）》，對發展(zhan)(zhan)壯大(da)(da)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)作出專(zhuan)項(xiang)部(bu)署(shu)。加大(da)(da)政策(ce)(ce)扶持(chi)，圍繞促進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)一(yi)二三產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)加工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)休閑旅游(you)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)創新創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等，制定實(shi)施(shi)一(yi)系列(lie)涉及(ji)財(cai)政稅收、金(jin)融保險、用(yong)地(di)用(yong)電、科技創新、人(ren)才保障(zhang)等方面的支持(chi)政策(ce)(ce)措施(shi)。推進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)，深(shen)化農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)收儲制度、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)土地(di)制度改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)集體(ti)產(chan)權制度以及(ji)“放管(guan)服(fu)”等改(gai)(gai)革(ge)(ge)，激(ji)活(huo)要素、市場和主體(ti)，促進(jin)(jin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)。營造創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)氛(fen)圍，加強鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)基礎設施(shi)建(jian)設，推進(jin)(jin)公共(gong)服(fu)務向鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)延(yan)伸，每年舉行(xing)全國大(da)(da)眾創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)萬眾創新活(huo)動周及(ji)全國新農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民新技術創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創新博覽會，引(yin)導(dao)各類人(ren)才到鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)投資興(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。目前，鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan)勢頭(tou)良好(hao)。

（一）現代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)加快(kuai)推(tui)進(jin)。堅持把保(bao)障(zhang)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)糧(liang)食(shi)安(an)全作(zuo)為(wei)發展現代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)的首要(yao)任(ren)務(wu)，守住(zhu)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)糧(liang)食(shi)安(an)全底線，促進(jin)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)高(gao)質量發展。糧(liang)食(shi)產(chan)能(neng)鞏固提(ti)升，累計(ji)建成高(gao)標準農(nong)田6.4億畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，完成9.7億畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)糧(liang)食(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)功能(neng)區和重要(yao)農(nong)產(chan)品生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)保(bao)護區劃定任(ren)務(wu)。2018年糧(liang)食(shi)產(chan)量13158億斤，連續7年保(bao)持在(zai)1.2萬(wan)億斤以上(shang)。棉油糖、果(guo)菜(cai)魚、肉(rou)蛋(dan)奶(nai)等生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)穩定、供應(ying)充(chong)足。綠色發展有力推(tui)進(jin)，化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)、農(nong)藥使(shi)用量實現負增長，畜禽(qin)糞(fen)污綜合利用率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)70％，秸稈綜合利用率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)84％，農(nong)用地膜回收率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)60％，耕(geng)地輪作(zuo)休耕(geng)試點超過(guo)3000萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。技(ji)術裝備水(shui)平穩步(bu)提(ti)升，農(nong)業(ye)(ye)科技(ji)進(jin)步(bu)貢獻率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)58.3％，主(zhu)要(yao)農(nong)作(zuo)物耕(geng)種(zhong)收全程(cheng)綜合機械(xie)化(hua)(hua)率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)67％。新一代(dai)信息技(ji)術向(xiang)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)、經營、管理、服(fu)務(wu)拓展。農(nong)業(ye)(ye)供給側結構(gou)性改革不斷深化(hua)(hua)，近3年來(lai)累計(ji)調減非優勢(shi)區籽粒玉米面(mian)積5000多萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，調減低質低效區水(shui)稻面(mian)積800多萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，增加大(da)豆面(mian)積2000多萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，糧(liang)改飼面(mian)積達(da)到(dao)(dao)1400多萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。畜禽(qin)養殖規模(mo)化(hua)(hua)率(lv)(lv)達(da)到(dao)(dao)58％，奶(nai)業(ye)(ye)振(zhen)興扎實推(tui)進(jin)。

（二(er)）鄉(xiang)(xiang)村產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)形(xing)態(tai)不斷豐富(fu)。各地(di)依托鄉(xiang)(xiang)村資源，發(fa)掘新(xin)功能新(xin)價值，培育新(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)新(xin)業(ye)態(tai)。特(te)(te)色產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)快速發(fa)展(zhan)，形(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)批特(te)(te)色鮮(xian)明的小宗類、多樣化鄉(xiang)(xiang)土產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)，創(chuang)響特(te)(te)色品(pin)牌約10萬余個，認定“一(yi)村一(yi)品(pin)”示范村鎮(zhen)2400個。農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)加工(gong)(gong)深入(ru)推進，引導加工(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能向糧食等(deng)主產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)布局，促進就地(di)加工(gong)(gong)轉化。2018年規(gui)模以上農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)加工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)7.9萬家、營(ying)業(ye)收入(ru)14.9萬億元。休(xiu)閑(xian)農(nong)業(ye)和鄉(xiang)(xiang)村旅游(you)蓬勃發(fa)展(zhan)，實(shi)施休(xiu)閑(xian)農(nong)業(ye)和鄉(xiang)(xiang)村旅游(you)精品(pin)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，建設一(yi)批休(xiu)閑(xian)觀光、鄉(xiang)(xiang)村民宿、健康養生等(deng)園區(qu)景(jing)點，2018年接待游(you)客30億人次、營(ying)業(ye)收入(ru)超(chao)過8000億元。鄉(xiang)(xiang)村服務業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)，2018年農(nong)村生產(chan)(chan)(chan)性服務業(ye)營(ying)業(ye)收入(ru)超(chao)過2000億元，農(nong)村網絡(luo)銷售(shou)額突破(po)1.3萬億元，其中(zhong)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)網絡(luo)銷售(shou)額達3000億元。

（三(san)）鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)漸(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)趨勢。跨界配置農(nong)業(ye)(ye)和現代(dai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)要素，促進產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)深度交叉融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)“農(nong)業(ye)(ye)+”多業(ye)(ye)態發展態勢。融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)主(zhu)體大量涌現，農(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化龍頭企業(ye)(ye)8.7萬家(jia)，其(qi)中國家(jia)重(zhong)點龍頭企業(ye)(ye)1243家(jia)。注冊登記農(nong)民合(he)作社217萬家(jia)，家(jia)庭農(nong)場60萬個(ge)。融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)業(ye)(ye)態多元呈現，發展綜合(he)種(zhong)養等(deng)循環型農(nong)業(ye)(ye)，稻(dao)漁綜合(he)種(zhong)養面積超過3000萬畝；發展中央廚房、直供直銷等(deng)延(yan)伸型農(nong)業(ye)(ye)，2018年主(zhu)食加工營(ying)業(ye)(ye)收(shou)入達(da)2萬億元；“農(nong)業(ye)(ye)+”文化、教(jiao)育、旅游(you)、康(kang)養、信息(xi)等(deng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)快速發展。融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)載體豐(feng)富多樣(yang)，建(jian)設國家(jia)現代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)園62個(ge)、國家(jia)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)科技(ji)園32個(ge)、農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品加工園1600個(ge)，創建(jian)農(nong)村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)融(rong)(rong)(rong)合(he)示范(fan)園148個(ge)、農(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)強鎮254個(ge)。

（四(si)）利(li)益聯結機制逐步構建(jian)。各地發(fa)展企(qi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)契約型合(he)作模式，已有1億農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶與農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)簽(qian)訂(ding)(ding)訂(ding)(ding)單，簽(qian)約農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶經營收入超過(guo)(guo)未簽(qian)約農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶50％以(yi)上(shang)。推(tui)廣(guang)利(li)益分(fen)紅(hong)型模式，通過(guo)(guo)“訂(ding)(ding)單收購+分(fen)紅(hong)”“保底收益+按股分(fen)紅(hong)”“土地租金+務工(gong)工(gong)資+返(fan)利(li)分(fen)紅(hong)”等方(fang)式，促進(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民持續增收。探索股份(fen)合(he)作型模式，形成(cheng)分(fen)工(gong)明確(que)、優勢互補、風險共(gong)擔、利(li)益共(gong)享的農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)聯合(he)體。

（五）農(nong)(nong)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)日(ri)漸(jian)活躍。制定(ding)并落實支持返鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)人員(yuan)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)政(zheng)(zheng)策，吸引農(nong)(nong)民(min)工、大中專畢業(ye)(ye)(ye)生、退役(yi)軍人、科(ke)技人員(yuan)等到(dao)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。截至2018年，各類返鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)累計達(da)780萬，“田秀(xiu)才”、“土(tu)專家”、“鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)創(chuang)(chuang)客”等本(ben)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)達(da)3100多萬。領域不斷拓(tuo)(tuo)寬，由種(zhong)養(yang)向(xiang)縱向(xiang)延伸、橫向(xiang)拓(tuo)(tuo)展，創(chuang)(chuang)辦的實體87％在鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮以下(xia)，80％以上發展產業(ye)(ye)(ye)融合項目。層次(ci)不斷提升(sheng)，返鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)人員(yuan)50％以上利用信(xin)息技術(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，近90％是聯合創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。載體不斷增多，認定(ding)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)園區和實訓(xun)孵化基(ji)地1096個，益(yi)農(nong)(nong)信(xin)息社覆(fu)蓋1/3以上行政(zheng)(zheng)村(cun)。

（六）產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)扶(fu)貧(pin)(pin)扎實(shi)(shi)推(tui)進。發展優勢(shi)特色(se)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，在貧(pin)(pin)困地區(qu)培育(yu)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)1.4萬(wan)家(jia)、農民合作社61萬(wan)個(ge)，有(you)力帶(dai)動(dong)建檔立卡貧(pin)(pin)困戶脫貧(pin)(pin)致(zhi)富(fu)。建成甘(gan)肅定(ding)西馬鈴薯、江西贛南(nan)臍橙(cheng)、陜西洛川蘋果(guo)、湖北潛江小龍蝦、重慶涪陵榨菜等(deng)一批特色(se)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集(ji)群。積極促進產(chan)銷(xiao)對(dui)(dui)接，2018年農業(ye)(ye)(ye)農村(cun)部舉辦的各(ge)類產(chan)銷(xiao)對(dui)(dui)接活動(dong)，帶(dai)動(dong)貧(pin)(pin)困地區(qu)銷(xiao)售農產(chan)品超過500億(yi)元(yuan)，促成簽約項(xiang)目300億(yi)元(yuan)。加強人才培育(yu)，在22個(ge)脫貧(pin)(pin)任務(wu)(wu)重的省份(fen)實(shi)(shi)施農技推(tui)廣服務(wu)(wu)特聘計劃，組建科技服務(wu)(wu)團，培訓帶(dai)頭人和大學(xue)生村(cun)官2萬(wan)余人。

二、當(dang)前(qian)鄉村(cun)產業發展面臨的困難和問題(ti)

從調(diao)研和基層反映(ying)情況(kuang)看，當前(qian)鄉(xiang)村(cun)產業發展(zhan)也面臨不少困難和問題。

（一）發展(zhan)質量效益不高。多數鄉(xiang)村(cun)企業(ye)科技創(chuang)新(xin)能力不強，特別是農產(chan)(chan)品加工創(chuang)新(xin)能力不足，工藝水(shui)平(ping)落(luo)后于發達國家。產(chan)(chan)品供給仍(reng)以大路貨為主，優質綠色(se)農產(chan)(chan)品占(zhan)比較低，休閑旅(lv)游普遍存在同質化(hua)現象，缺乏小眾(zhong)類、精準化(hua)、中(zhong)(zhong)高端產(chan)(chan)品和服(fu)務，品牌(pai)溢價(jia)有限。鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)聚(ju)集度(du)較低，僅有28％的(de)鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)集中(zhong)(zhong)在各類園區(qu)。

（二）產(chan)業要素活(huo)力不足(zu)。鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業穩定的資(zi)金(jin)投入機(ji)制(zhi)尚(shang)(shang)未(wei)建(jian)立，金(jin)融服(fu)務仍明顯不足(zu)，土地(di)出(chu)讓金(jin)用(yong)于農(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)比例(li)偏低(di)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)資(zi)源變資(zi)產(chan)的渠道(dao)尚(shang)(shang)未(wei)打通，阻礙了金(jin)融資(zi)本和(he)社會資(zi)本進入鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業。農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)土地(di)空閑、低(di)效、粗放利(li)用(yong)和(he)新產(chan)業新業態發展用(yong)地(di)供給不足(zu)并存。農(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)人(ren)才缺乏，科技、經營等(deng)各類人(ren)才服(fu)務鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業的激勵保(bao)障機(ji)制(zhi)尚(shang)(shang)不健(jian)全。

（三）產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)條(tiao)仍然較短。一(yi)產(chan)向后延(yan)伸不充分，多以供應原料(liao)為(wei)主，從產(chan)地到餐桌的(de)鏈(lian)條(tiao)不健(jian)全。二(er)產(chan)連兩頭不緊密，農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品精深加工不足，副產(chan)物綜合(he)利用程度低(di)，農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品加工轉(zhuan)化率僅(jin)為(wei)65％，比發達國家低(di)20個百分點。三產(chan)發育不足，農(nong)(nong)村生產(chan)生活(huo)服務能力不強。產(chan)業(ye)融合(he)層次低(di)，鄉村價(jia)值功(gong)能開發不充分，農(nong)(nong)戶和企業(ye)間的(de)利益聯結還不緊密。

（四）產(chan)(chan)業(ye)基礎設施(shi)仍然薄(bo)弱。一些農(nong)(nong)村(cun)供水(shui)、供電、供氣條件(jian)差，道路、網(wang)絡通訊、倉儲(chu)物流等設施(shi)未實現(xian)全(quan)覆蓋。產(chan)(chan)地批發(fa)市場(chang)、產(chan)(chan)銷對接、鮮活(huo)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品直(zhi)銷網(wang)點等設施(shi)相對落后，物流經營成(cheng)本高。農(nong)(nong)村(cun)垃(la)圾集收運和污(wu)水(shui)處理能(neng)力有限，先進(jin)技術(shu)要素向鄉村(cun)擴散(san)(san)滲透力不強(qiang)。鄉村(cun)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展的環境保護條件(jian)和能(neng)力較弱，工業(ye)“三廢”和城市生活(huo)垃(la)圾等污(wu)染擴散(san)(san)等問(wen)題仍然突(tu)出(chu)。

三(san)、推進鄉村產業(ye)發展的(de)思路和措(cuo)施

按照黨中央、國務院決(jue)策(ce)部署，要強化政策(ce)扶持，加大工(gong)作力度，切實(shi)抓好落實(shi)，大力推進鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)，加快(kuai)構建現代鄉(xiang)村(cun)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)體系，夯實(shi)鄉(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興基礎。

總(zong)體(ti)思路是，以(yi)(yi)習近平新(xin)時(shi)代中(zhong)國特(te)色社會主義思想為指導，全面(mian)(mian)貫(guan)徹黨(dang)的十九大和十九屆二中(zhong)、三(san)中(zhong)全會精神，堅持(chi)農業農村(cun)(cun)優先發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)方針，牢(lao)固樹立(li)新(xin)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理念，落(luo)實高(gao)質量(liang)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)要(yao)求，按照實施(shi)鄉村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興戰略部署(shu)，以(yi)(yi)實現(xian)農業農村(cun)(cun)現(xian)代化為總(zong)目標，以(yi)(yi)農業供給側結構(gou)性改革為主線，圍繞農村(cun)(cun)一二三(san)產(chan)業融合(he)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，聚(ju)(ju)焦重點產(chan)業，聚(ju)(ju)集資源要(yao)素，強化創(chuang)新(xin)引領，培育發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)動能(neng)，延(yan)長產(chan)業鏈(lian)(lian)、提(ti)升價值鏈(lian)(lian)、打(da)造供應鏈(lian)(lian)，構(gou)建(jian)地(di)域特(te)色鮮(xian)明、承載鄉村(cun)(cun)價值、創(chuang)新(xin)創(chuang)業活躍、利(li)益聯結緊密(mi)的現(xian)代鄉村(cun)(cun)產(chan)業體(ti)系，加快(kuai)形成(cheng)城(cheng)鄉融合(he)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)格(ge)局，為全面(mian)(mian)建(jian)成(cheng)小康社會、實現(xian)鄉村(cun)(cun)振(zhen)興奠定堅實基礎。

圍(wei)繞上(shang)述思路，重點抓好以(yi)下九方面工(gong)作：

（一）優(you)化產(chan)業(ye)(ye)空間布(bu)(bu)局(ju)。強化縣(xian)域統籌，因地制宜發展(zhan)多樣(yang)化特色種養，積極發展(zhan)特色食品、制造、手(shou)工業(ye)(ye)等(deng)鄉土產(chan)業(ye)(ye)，推(tui)動形成縣(xian)城、中(zhong)心鄉（鎮(zhen)）、中(zhong)心村層級明顯、功能有(you)效銜(xian)接的(de)結構布(bu)(bu)局(ju)，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)縣(xian)鄉聯動、產(chan)鎮(zhen)融合(he)、產(chan)村一體(ti)。推(tui)進(jin)(jin)縣(xian)域、鎮(zhen)域產(chan)業(ye)(ye)聚集(ji)，支持(chi)農產(chan)品加(jia)工業(ye)(ye)向主(zhu)產(chan)區(qu)縣(xian)域布(bu)(bu)局(ju)，支持(chi)有(you)條件的(de)地方建設以鄉（鎮(zhen)）所在(zai)(zai)地為中(zhong)心的(de)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)集(ji)群。支持(chi)農產(chan)品加(jia)工流通企(qi)業(ye)(ye)下沉重心，向有(you)條件的(de)鄉（鎮(zhen)）和物流節點(dian)集(ji)中(zhong)，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)鎮(zhen)村聯動發展(zhan)，實現加(jia)工在(zai)(zai)鄉（鎮(zhen)）、基地在(zai)(zai)村、增收在(zai)(zai)戶。

（二）持續做強現代種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)業(ye)。創新(xin)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)組織方(fang)式，促(cu)進(jin)種(zhong)養(yang)(yang)業(ye)規模化(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，向全產(chan)(chan)業(ye)鏈延伸拓(tuo)展(zhan)(zhan)，提高質量(liang)效益(yi)。鞏固提升糧(liang)食產(chan)(chan)能(neng)，實施新(xin)形(xing)勢下(xia)國家糧(liang)食安(an)全戰略，全面(mian)落實永久(jiu)基本(ben)農(nong)田特殊保護(hu)制度(du)，加快劃(hua)定(ding)10.58億(yi)畝(mu)糧(liang)食生產(chan)(chan)功能(neng)區和重要(yao)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品生產(chan)(chan)保護(hu)區。加強高標(biao)準農(nong)田建設(she)，確保2020年(nian)(nian)完(wan)成(cheng)8億(yi)畝(mu)建設(she)任務，力(li)爭2022年(nian)(nian)達到(dao)10億(yi)畝(mu)。加快農(nong)業(ye)科技創新(xin)特別是育(yu)種(zhong)創新(xin)，推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)業(ye)機械裝備升級(ji)。加強生豬等(deng)畜禽產(chan)(chan)能(neng)建設(she)，提升動(dong)物疫(yi)病防控能(neng)力(li)，增(zeng)加肉(rou)蛋(dan)奶等(deng)供給。優化(hua)生豬產(chan)(chan)業(ye)和屠宰產(chan)(chan)能(neng)布局，大(da)力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)草食畜牧業(ye)，推(tui)動(dong)奶業(ye)振興(xing)。推(tui)進(jin)漁業(ye)健康養(yang)(yang)殖，提質增(zeng)效。

（三）大(da)(da)力推進產業(ye)融合發(fa)展。培育主體(ti)(ti)帶(dai)動融合發(fa)展，引導農(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)化(hua)龍頭企業(ye)與(yu)合作社和(he)家庭農(nong)場及小農(nong)戶(hu)開展生產經營合作，構建(jian)緊密聯結(jie)機(ji)制。建(jian)設(she)一批農(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)強鎮，創(chuang)建(jian)一批農(nong)村產業(ye)融合發(fa)展示范園，形成多(duo)主體(ti)(ti)參與(yu)、多(duo)要素聚集、多(duo)業(ye)態發(fa)展、多(duo)模式(shi)推進的融合格局。支持主產區(qu)(qu)大(da)(da)力發(fa)展農(nong)產品精(jing)深加工(gong)，統(tong)籌農(nong)產品產地、集散地、銷區(qu)(qu)批發(fa)市場發(fa)展，建(jian)設(she)一批專業(ye)村鎮、精(jing)深加工(gong)基(ji)地和(he)加工(gong)強縣(xian)。

（四）發展(zhan)壯大新型經營(ying)主體。擴大農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍頭(tou)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)隊伍(wu)，打造大型農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)集團，支持(chi)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍頭(tou)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)向重點產(chan)(chan)區和(he)(he)優勢區集聚。發展(zhan)農(nong)民合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社和(he)(he)家庭農(nong)場，支持(chi)開(kai)展(zhan)加工(gong)流(liu)通等(deng)多種經營(ying)，向綜合(he)(he)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社方向發展(zhan)。扶(fu)持(chi)一批(pi)以農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)龍頭(tou)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)帶動(dong)、合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)社和(he)(he)家庭農(nong)場跟進、廣大小農(nong)戶參與的農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)聯合(he)(he)體，實現抱團發展(zhan)。

（五）著力打造產業(ye)園(yuan)區(qu)。推進政策集(ji)成、要素集(ji)聚(ju)、功(gong)能集(ji)合和企業(ye)集(ji)中(zhong)，建(jian)(jian)設一批(pi)(pi)國(guo)家(jia)現(xian)代農(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)園(yuan)，加快建(jian)(jian)設一批(pi)(pi)特色產品(pin)基(ji)地，認定一批(pi)(pi)“一村一品(pin)”示范村鎮(zhen)。培育(yu)鄉(xiang)村休閑旅游精品(pin)，建(jian)(jian)設一批(pi)(pi)設施完備、功(gong)能多樣的園(yuan)區(qu)景(jing)點。布局(ju)建(jian)(jian)設一批(pi)(pi)國(guo)家(jia)農(nong)業(ye)高新技術產業(ye)示范區(qu)。

（六）實施質量興農(nong)綠色興農(nong)。按照“有標(biao)采標(biao)、無標(biao)創標(biao)、全程貫標(biao)”要求，制修訂農(nong)業(ye)投(tou)入(ru)品(pin)、農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)加(jia)(jia)工業(ye)、農(nong)村新業(ye)態及(ji)產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)標(biao)準。培育一批叫得(de)響、有影響力的區域公(gong)用(yong)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)和(he)企業(ye)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)，創響一批“土字號”“鄉字號”特色產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)。國家明令淘(tao)汰的落后產(chan)能(neng)，列(lie)入(ru)國家禁止類產(chan)業(ye)目錄的，不(bu)得(de)進入(ru)鄉村。鼓勵加(jia)(jia)工副(fu)產(chan)物(wu)循環梯次綜合利(li)用(yong)。

（七）大力推(tui)進農(nong)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)。壯大創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)群(qun)體，落(luo)實創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)扶(fu)持(chi)政策，支持(chi)返鄉下鄉人(ren)員創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)，引導返鄉農(nong)民(min)工到縣城和(he)中心(xin)鎮就業(ye)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)。培(pei)(pei)養一(yi)批農(nong)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)導師和(he)領軍(jun)人(ren)物。搭建(jian)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)平(ping)臺，宣傳推(tui)介創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)帶頭人(ren)、優(you)秀鄉村(cun)企業(ye)家(jia)和(he)典(dian)型縣，創(chuang)(chuang)建(jian)一(yi)批具有區域特(te)色的農(nong)村(cun)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)示范園區和(he)實訓(xun)孵(fu)化基地(di)。鼓(gu)勵發(fa)展農(nong)村(cun)電商，深(shen)入推(tui)進“互聯網+”現(xian)代農(nong)業(ye)，加(jia)快實現(xian)鄉村(cun)數字化、網絡化、智能(neng)(neng)化。加(jia)強(qiang)鄉村(cun)工匠、文化能(neng)(neng)人(ren)、手工藝人(ren)和(he)經營管(guan)理人(ren)才培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)，提高創(chuang)(chuang)業(ye)技能(neng)(neng)。

（八）深(shen)入推進(jin)產業(ye)扶貧(pin)。咬定(ding)脫貧(pin)攻堅目標，鞏(gong)固和擴大脫貧(pin)攻堅成果。支持貧(pin)困(kun)地區(qu)(qu)特別(bie)是“三(san)區(qu)(qu)三(san)州”深(shen)度貧(pin)困(kun)地區(qu)(qu)開(kai)發特色資(zi)(zi)源，發展特色優勢產業(ye)。組(zu)織(zhi)國內大型(xing)加工、采購銷(xiao)售(shou)、投(tou)融資(zi)(zi)企業(ye)及科研單位與貧(pin)困(kun)地區(qu)(qu)對(dui)接(jie)，開(kai)展招商引(yin)資(zi)(zi)，促(cu)進(jin)產品(pin)銷(xiao)售(shou)。引(yin)導農(nong)業(ye)產業(ye)化(hua)龍頭(tou)企業(ye)與貧(pin)困(kun)地區(qu)(qu)合作創建綠色食品(pin)、有機(ji)農(nong)產品(pin)原料標準化(hua)生產基(ji)地，帶(dai)動貧(pin)困(kun)戶進(jin)入大市場。

（九(jiu)）健全(quan)(quan)完(wan)善(shan)政策(ce)(ce)體(ti)(ti)系。一是(shi)(shi)(shi)深(shen)化產(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)制度改革。加(jia)(jia)快農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)集(ji)體(ti)(ti)資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)清產(chan)(chan)(chan)核(he)資(zi)(zi)(zi)和集(ji)體(ti)(ti)成員(yuan)身份確認，推動資(zi)(zi)(zi)源變(bian)(bian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)變(bian)(bian)股(gu)(gu)金(jin)(jin)、農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)變(bian)(bian)股(gu)(gu)東，發(fa)展(zhan)多種形式的(de)股(gu)(gu)份合(he)(he)作(zuo)。二是(shi)(shi)(shi)引導(dao)工(gong)(gong)商資(zi)(zi)(zi)本下(xia)鄉。鼓勵工(gong)(gong)商資(zi)(zi)(zi)本到(dao)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)參與度高、受益(yi)面廣的(de)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)。工(gong)(gong)商資(zi)(zi)(zi)本投入(ru)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)，不(bu)能(neng)代替和排(pai)擠農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)，不(bu)能(neng)侵害農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)財(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)益(yi)。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)優(you)化財(cai)政投入(ru)結(jie)構。加(jia)(jia)強一般(ban)公共預(yu)算投入(ru)保障(zhang)，提高土(tu)地(di)(di)出讓收(shou)(shou)入(ru)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)比(bi)例(li)。新增耕地(di)(di)指(zhi)標(biao)和城(cheng)鄉建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)增減掛鉤節(jie)余指(zhi)標(biao)跨(kua)省域調劑(ji)收(shou)(shou)益(yi)，全(quan)(quan)部用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)鞏(gong)固脫貧攻堅(jian)成果(guo)和支持(chi)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)振興。鼓勵地(di)(di)方設(she)(she)立鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)基金(jin)(jin)。四(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)健全(quan)(quan)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)金(jin)(jin)融服務(wu)體(ti)(ti)系。推動農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)商業(ye)(ye)銀行、農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)合(he)(he)作(zuo)銀行、農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)信用(yong)(yong)(yong)社逐步回歸(gui)本源，為本地(di)(di)“三農(nong)(nong)”服務(wu)。引導(dao)縣域金(jin)(jin)融機構將吸收(shou)(shou)的(de)存(cun)款主要投放到(dao)當地(di)(di)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)。支持(chi)發(fa)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)供應鏈金(jin)(jin)融。發(fa)揮(hui)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)信貸擔保體(ti)(ti)系作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，通過實施擔保費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)和業(ye)(ye)務(wu)獎補，加(jia)(jia)大對(dui)符合(he)(he)條件的(de)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)項目的(de)融資(zi)(zi)(zi)擔保力度。五(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)強用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)保障(zhang)。縣域內土(tu)地(di)(di)占補平衡(heng)年度土(tu)地(di)(di)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)計(ji)劃安排(pai)一定(ding)比(bi)例(li)支持(chi)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)。探索針(zhen)對(dui)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)省市縣聯動“點(dian)供”用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)。加(jia)(jia)快推進農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)集(ji)體(ti)(ti)經營性建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)入(ru)市改革。盤活農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)零散(san)分散(san)的(de)存(cun)量建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)，將整治的(de)閑置宅基地(di)(di)、村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)莊空閑地(di)(di)、廠礦廢(fei)棄(qi)地(di)(di)、道路改線(xian)廢(fei)棄(qi)地(di)(di)、農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)與村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)莊建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)復合(he)(he)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)及“四(si)荒地(di)(di)”，重點(dian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)縣域內發(fa)展(zhan)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)。完(wan)善(shan)設(she)(she)施農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)政策(ce)(ce)，嚴格規范，有序發(fa)展(zhan)。六(liu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)強人才(cai)隊(dui)伍建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。加(jia)(jia)強職業(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)技能(neng)培訓，加(jia)(jia)快建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)知識型、技能型、創新型鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業(ye)經營管理隊伍。支(zhi)持職業(ye)院校擴(kuo)招(zhao)農村(cun)(cun)(cun)生源(yuan)。加強知識(shi)產(chan)權保護(hu)，支(zhi)持科(ke)技人員以科(ke)技成果入股鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)企業(ye)。

（原標(biao)題：國(guo)務院關于(yu)鄉(xiang)村產(chan)業發展情況的(de)報告——2019年4月21日在第十(shi)三屆全國(guo)人民(min)代表大會常務委員會第十(shi)次會議上(shang)）。

報告人：農(nong)業農(nong)村部部長(chang) 韓長(chang)賦

來源(yuan)：中國人大網